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Sue Ann Arnall

Photo courtesy the Arnall Family Foundation

The founder and president of the Arnall Family Foundation (AFF) based in Oklahoma City, Sue Ann Arnall began her professional career in the energy industry after graduating from the University of Tulsa with her Juris Doctorate. Opened in 2015, the AFF is focused on criminal justice reform and finding solutions to lower incarceration rates and racial disparities in Oklahoma jails and prisons. The foundation also works to create systemic change in areas including homelessness, youth welfare and historically under-resourced communities.  We recently sat down with Arnall and got her thoughts on … 

… shifting from the energy to the nonprofit sector.

I loved the challenges I faced in the energy industry. And I also loved the ability to track my successes through the revenue that I was able to generate for the company. Since I’m fairly competitive, I like having a way to objectively measure my work. 

However, helping others live better lives is beyond exhilarating, and tracking those outcomes is incredibly rewarding. In working in the criminal legal system, a very concrete way to measure success in our programs is through lowering the number of people incarcerated. On that account, we have been successful. The jail numbers are half of what they were eight years ago, the number of people from Oklahoma County entering incarceration at the Department of Corrections has been halved as well. I want to emphasize that during this time frame, crime has not increased, but instead is trending downward. This is due to the concerted efforts of many.  

… her passions for creating equitable spaces and reducing incarceration. 

Fairness is the key concern for me. Individuals can accept almost any result, so long as they see it as fair. Dishonesty and use of power to benefit some at the expense of others is antithetical to everything that I believe in. I have also seen how using incarceration as punishment is not effective at addressing crime, and it doesn’t create justice. I have a huge problem with caging any person or animal without an extremely good reason. Punishment is not a good reason, and it backfires. Caging an animal makes it dangerous. Same goes with humans. Crime is societal. To truly address it, we need programs to rehabilitate and restore which our current system of incarceration is not equipped to provide.

… the work of the Arnall Family Foundation.

We have done our best to help Oklahomans have better lives. Our work to improve the systems that protect children has been rewarding. Fewer children are in foster care. DHS now identifies at-risk families more quickly and provides wraparound services to help people become better parents who get to keep their children. Our work to make the criminal legal system easier to navigate for people who become entangled has helped the entire system, not only improving lives of countless individuals, but improving processes and collaboration within the system as well.

… her favorite part of the job.

Getting to help others. Instead of just walking on by, I get to stop and solve the problems I see. 

… proudest accomplishments thus far.

Without a doubt, the Diversion Hub. Diversion Hub has already assisted tens of thousands of individuals to successfully navigate their way out of the criminal legal system, so they may live more complete and productive lives. 

… her dream for Oklahoma in 20 years.

I hope that we resolve the racial disparities in incarceration. Currently, despite having no greater criminological tendencies than Caucasians, African Americans are incarcerated at a rate three to five times that of every other racial demographic. If the rate were equal, Oklahoma would have one of the lowest incarceration rates, rather than one of the highest.

… the foundation’s mission.

Our goal at the foundation is to repair broken systems. 

Preserving the Past

Programs and partnerships across Oklahoma aim to preserve and protect the state’s historic places and spaces.

These significant sites and structures vary from historic mansions and hotels to cabins, centennial ranches and even the renowned roadway known as Route 66. Protecting these resources serve to commemorate history and educate generations to come.

“We believe communities are enriched when we connect history to our present and future,” says Heather Sumner, executive director of Preservation Oklahoma Inc. 

Preservation Oklahoma, a nonprofit, and the State Historic Preservation Office are among the organizations working with communities and individuals on historic preservation and restoration. Officials from both groups say the efforts serve to enrich and protect the state’s historical resources and to educate others about preservation on a local level. Communities and residents play a pivotal role in those efforts.

“For the most part, we rally around our historic resources,” says Lynda Ozan, deputy state historic preservation officer. “We do have the momentum to save things that are important to us.”

Supporting and Coordinating Efforts

Ozan says the work and outreach of the State Historic Preservation Office includes striving to “collaborate and empower communities to celebrate, preserve and commemorate our historic resources, diversity and progress.”

The office is a division of the Oklahoma Historical Society and is partially funded by the federal government and the state of Oklahoma. Oversight includes carrying out the mandates of the National Historic Preservation Act in Oklahoma, which created a defined process for historic preservation in the United States. 

The Preservation Office also funds and coordinates surveys to identify historic, architectural and archaeological resources in Oklahoma. In addition, the office is involved with matching grant programs for eligible preservation activities and collaborates with owners, architects and developers to ensure that rehabilitation projects qualify for tax credits.

Outreach efforts offered by the office include virtual events that have proven popular among residents, Ozan says. Topics featured in the virtual programs have included stories about all-Black towns in the state and how to reach a younger generation about preservation work.

Joining in the historic preservation efforts is Preservation Oklahoma, the state’s only private, nonprofit partnership organization that is dedicated to promoting, supporting and coordinating historic preservation activities throughout the state. The mission of the Oklahoma City-based organization is “to preserve the places where Oklahoma history lives,” Sumner says.

The organization’s work includes publishing the annual Oklahoma’s Most Endangered Historic Places list to bring awareness to some of the most threatened historic buildings; serving as caretaker for the Overholser Mansion, which was Oklahoma City’s first mansion; and participating in the “This Place Matters” national campaign that encourages community members to speak up on behalf of places that are meaningful to them and their communities. 

Sumner says the organization also partners with the State Historic Preservation Office on projects, including publishing a joint quarterly newsletter. Preservation Oklahoma also hosts lectures and workshops that focus on preservation issues.

Noteworthy Projects

Projects for both groups vary in size and scope, from restored hotels to the renovated Pachyderm building at the Oklahoma City Zoo.

The State Historic Preservation Office was involved in the efforts to convert the historic zoo building into a multi-use space. 

Ozan says another project has involved a comprehensive survey of all-Black communities in the state to see the buildings that remain and what might be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. Another objective with the project is to find funding sources to rehabilitate buildings that remain in those communities.

Sumner says Preservation Oklahoma has been instrumental in preservation efforts for the Mayo Hotel in Tulsa, the now-Skirvin Hilton in Oklahoma City and the Saline Courthouse Museum in Rose. She mentions the organization’s next step is strategic planning to focus on “the heart of our mission and making sure that our goals and activities are in line with that mission,” and how the organization can better support the state’s preservation efforts. 

A vital piece in preservation work is involvement from residents in the state. For those interested in preserving historical sites and structures, Ozan suggests that you talk with elected officials.

“If you want to be proactive in preservation, you have to be proactive at the local level,” she says. “You need to talk to your elected officials and let them know it’s on your radar and it needs to be on their radar, too.”

Sumner says preserving the state’s history has lasting impacts.

“It helps us understand and protect our past for future generations to come,” she says. “Historic preservation helps to tell our communities’ stories and connect us with our rich and diverse cultures across the great state of Oklahoma.”

For more information about the State Historic Preservation Office, visit okhistory.org. To learn more about the mission and programs of Preservation Oklahoma Inc., visitpreservationok.org.

Main image cutline: The State Historic Preservation Office recently conducted a comprehensive survey of all-Black communities in Oklahoma to catalog buildings that may be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. Photos courtesy the Oklahoma Historical Society.

Something’s Brewing

Based in Broken Arrow, Small Batch Brewtique can help both novice and expert brewers find the equipment they need. Photo courtesy Small Batch Brewtique

Craft beer has been a booming operation in the state of Oklahoma for more than a decade, but not just the sale and consumption of it – brewing beer at home has steadily been gaining popularity, too. 

While it may seem intimidating to start out, experts say that the amount of work needed to craft your own homemade beer all depends on you. 

“Brewing beer at home can be a casual stove top experience, or it can be very elaborate with systems that are much like professional breweries, but on a smaller scale,” says Dave Knott, store manager at Small Batch Brewtique, a brewing supply store in Broken Arrow. In short, the type of beer made is totally up to the whims of the brewer. 

“Beer is made from water, malt, hops and yeast. There is literally a world of each of these to play with, and infinite combinations of them,” says Knott. 

Many people start brewing for fun or to share concoctions with friends and family, while others start the pastime because they enjoy the science and want to hone their skills. 

“[Some brewers] take up the craft in order to challenge themselves creatively, developing processes to master brewing multiple styles,” says John Smith, president of Red Earth Brewers, a home brew club in OKC. “This usually manifests itself through entering competitions as a way to prove their mettle in the craft beer making arena.” 

When it comes time to begin your home brew journey, you’ll need some gear to get you started. Depending on your level of interest, it can be as easy as a single pot on a stove top all the way to professional grade equipment big enough to fill an entire garage. 

“I often compare it to playing golf,” says Smith. “I can go down to my local Walmart and buy an inexpensive set of clubs and go out and have a great time on the course. Or I can choose to go to the pro-shop and buy custom clubs, shoes, gloves and attire and have a great time on the course. Both are having a great time; it’s simply asking yourself what your level of commitment is to the hobby.” 

If you just want the essentials to start, however, Knott suggests “a stockpot, a couple of food grade buckets, some tubing used for siphoning and bottling, and perhaps a bottle capper,” he says.

Red Earth Brewers, a homebrew club in OKC, offers monthly meetings and brew classes. Photo courtesy Red Earth Brewers

If you’re looking for clubs or social groups with like-minded crafters, Tulsa and Oklahoma City have options. The Fellowship of Oklahoma Alemakers (FOAM) has been in the Tulsa area since 1984 and has meetings on the second Thursday of each month. 

“We share beers that we have brewed, talk about brewing and participate in various charitable events each year,” says Knott. “We have an annual beer competition in November that draws hundreds of entries from all over the county called the FOAM Cup,” he continues. 

Red Earth Brewers has monthly meetings in OKC and brew classes a few times a year. 

“Red Earth Brewers is currently the number one homebrewers club in the nation through the Circuit of America competition circuit,” says Smith. 

Going with the Grain

Sorghum, a plant-based protein, can be used in food, pet feed, fencing and even domestic biofuels. Photos courtesy the Oklahoma Sorghum Commission

The plant-based protein known as sorghum is integral to Oklahoma’s economy, and its footprint is growing bigger by the day. Oklahoma sits in the U.S. Sorghum Belt, which reaches from South Dakota to southern Texas. In fact, with over $80 million in production dollars, Oklahoma ranks in the top five sorghum producing states. 

“Sorghum is a very important crop option for Oklahoma farmers because we are a dryer state,” says Jeff Hickman, executive director of the non-state agencies Oklahoma Sorghum Commission and the Oklahoma Sorghum Growers Association. “Sorghum uses less water, so it conserves resources. It’s a great rotation crop to keep your fields clean. And it’s becoming a particularly interesting food product for consumers who are interested in ancient grains. It’s a healthier grain option in our diet. We’re going to need more farmers growing sorghum and we’re going to need more mills to turn sorghum into products for our food supply.”

Also known as milo, sorghum grows well in sandy soils, requires no irrigation, is climate resilient, improves soil health, is valuable for wildlife conservation and even sequesters carbon. As well, sorghum is naturally gluten free and non-GMO, making it a healthier product for pet food. Oklahomans primarily use sorghum as a feed ingredient for cattle and poultry, but some of the grain is exported out of state and made into sorghum flour.

“Our groups’ goals are to encourage consumers to look for foods and pet foods made from sorghum, and to encourage farmers to consider planting more of their land in sorghum,” Hickman says. “Plus, we support research through OSU in Stillwater, and the USDA Agricultural Research Services in Stillwater.”

A super grain that may be grown as grain, forage or sweet crop, sorghum is one of the top five cereal crops (edible grains) in the world. As the world’s largest producer, the U.S. produced 373 million bushels of sorghum in 2020. A commodity crop, sorghum is a plant-based protein boasting a low glycemic index, and is high in fiber, antioxidants and minerals. It may be prepared like rice, quinoa or other whole grains, eaten like popcorn, ground into flour, and brewed into beer, and is popular with those who have celiac disease. 

On a global scale, about 50% of sorghum goes to human consumption. But in the U.S., most of the crop is used for animal feed, made into wallboard, or used for biodegradable packing materials. Sorghum is also used for fencing, floral arrangements and brooms, and plays a role in the domestic biofuel marke

Sorghum in Oklahoma

Inspired by milo sorghum, Oklahoma City restaurant Milo at The Ellison’s menu offers Oklahoma-sourced ingredients including sorghum butter and syrup. 

And for almost 50 years, the annual Sorghum Festival has been held during October in Wewoka, to celebrate sorghum production’s rich history. Information about sorghum, its benefits and uses, and how it helps our planet may be found at sorghumgrowers.com, as well as sorghumcheckoff.com, which offers recipes ranging from sorghum brownies and cookies to sorghum biscuits and gravy. 

Retail sorghum baking products, recipes and information may be found at nulifemarket.com. Gluten free, non-GMO sorghum grain puffs, with flavors like cheddar, sour cream and onion, and barbeque are available at chasindreamsfarm.com. 

Boot Scootin’ Boogie

Muddy Boots Line Dancing offers classes in Muskogee for a variety of skill levels and ages. Photo courtesy Muddy Boots Line Dancing

If you think you know about line dancing – with its country twang and slow-moving steps – you should check it out again. According to the experts, it’s truly evolved in recent years.

Beth Wasson, dance instructor with Smokin’ Boots 2 who teaches out of the Oklahoma City Swing Dance Club, has been into line dance since the 90s, but remarks about just how much it’s changed.

“Dancing back in 1996, you only had a handful of line dances, so it wasn’t practiced every place you went,” she says. “Now there are so many different choreographers. It has just exploded.” 

She explains how there are steps for many different genres of music now, including the obvious country, but also other pop favorites and even rap. There are waltzes, slow dances and fast line dances, too. 

And while line dancing can be more approachable than other types of dance purely because it doesn’t require a partner, there is still a sense of community.

Stephanie Dawn Tippie of Muddy Boots Line Dancing in northeastern Oklahoma was born into this community. She has now taken over the classes that her father taught for years when she was young.

“Every Wednesday, I went to dance class with Dad. You know, that’s just what we did,” says Tippie. Now she teaches classes in several communities in the Muskogee area and for a variety of groups, including one for seniors and a big line dancing jamboree twice annually in April and October.

The line dancing community has been a life-saver for some of her students, Tippie relates. 

“We’re kind of like a little family,” she says. “Everywhere you go, you run into line dancers that you danced with here or you’ve seen there. Makes it kind of neat.”

And the benefits don’t stop with making friends. There’s the obvious fitness advantages, but line dancing is good for the brain, too.

“It helps with depression,” says Tippie. “We are preventing Alzheimer’s and dementia. It helps with balance and coordination. So if you’re not just doing it to get out of the house and make friends, you can also do it for health benefits.”

Both Tippie and Wasson agree that to get started, it’s best just to jump into a class. Wasson teaches both beginner and intermediate level classes the second and fourth Tuesdays of every month, then she holds a dance for everyone to participate after the classes.  

“If you come here, we will teach you the steps to the line dances, what they’re called and how they are danced,” she says. Then you can get out onto the dance floor.

So put on your cowboy boots, as recommended by Wasson, or whatever smooth-soled shoe you have handy, and prepare to kick up your heels with line dancing.

Getting More Out of Line Dancing

Wasson at Smokin’ Boots 2 in Oklahoma City recommends taking a few line dancing classes if you’re looking for a way to learn the basics before joining the fun at a country bar.

“We can teach the dances, the dance steps, and what they are called,” she says This will give you a leg up when participating in line dances at other venues.

And if there’s a particular dance participants want to learn, Wasson has the step sheet, or list of steps with instructions, they can use to learn. She also recommends instructional videos online for more practice.

A Step in the Right Direction

While the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 did not fix relations between the U.S. government and Native Americans, it paved the way for Native rights. Photos courtesy Oklahoma Historical Society

In 1924, with fewer than one hundred words, the U.S. Congress granted citizenship to all “non-citizen Indians born within the territorial limits of the United States” through passage of the Indian Citizenship Act. During the next 100 years, Indigenous peoples and the federal government of the United States have sought to determine exactly what this citizenship means.

The 14th Amendment to the Constitution, which was passed in 1868, granted citizenship to formerly enslaved people, according to the National Archives website. However, this did not apply to American Indians for another 56 years. The topic was also a controversial one at the time, as some Indigenous people were concerned about what citizenship would mean for their tribal memberships.

“One of the conversations that was being held among Native activists in the late 19th through the 20th centuries was [regarding] those who were reluctant towards supporting U.S. citizenship, because they were reluctant to perhaps lose their tribal identity,” says Matthew Pearce, state historian with the Oklahoma Historical Society. Then there were others who argued that they could insist on U.S. citizenship without having to relinquish their identity, he says.

“From their perspective, U.S. citizenship was making sure that American Indians could secure an equal footing in American society … that they could be recognized as a minority group within the United States with all the rights as would be extended to those groups under the 14th Amendment,” Pearce adds. 

But once the Indian Citizenship Act was passed, the reality was that there were still some serious limitations – specifically that the right to vote for Native Americans was not guaranteed in every state.

According to history.org, “the privileges of citizenship, however, were largely governed by state law, and the right to vote was often denied to Native Americans in the early 20th century.” 

And, according to Pearce, the Indian Citizenship Act also did not end the paternalistic policies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, such as guardianship of Native-held allotment land. This corrupt practice, wherein members of Native tribes who received allotments were deemed “incompetent” and a guardian was appointed for them, was in full swing at this time.

However, despite serious limitations, the Indian Citizenship Act was an important first step that laid the groundwork for future advocacy for the rights of Indigenous peoples in the United States. With the fact of citizenship for Native Americans settled, came protections under the 14th Amendment, and a foundation for advocacy for Native peoples during the coming decades and into the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s.

“With the passing of that Act, the question of whether or not an American Indian is a U.S. citizen, that question is now moot,” says Pearce. “That debate, that question, was answered.”

Limited Coverage

Despite the fact that the Indian Citizenship Act would have a large impact in the state, Oklahoma newspapers only offered brief mentions of the legislation. The Oklahoma City Times, one of two newspapers operating in Oklahoma City at the time, relegated the news to two small paragraphs on page 14 under the headline ‘Native-Born Indians Now U.S. Citizens’ on June 5, 1924.

Axe-actly Right

At Twisted Axes Throw House in OKC, patrons can enjoy axe throwing activities in a safe and friendly environment. Photos courtesy Twisted Axes Throw House

Oklahoma played host to a unique type of competition in April when it welcomed the World Axe and Knife Throwing Championships. The four-day event at Tulsa’s WeStreet Ice Center welcomed hundreds of contestants from 38 U.S. states, as well as competitors from New Zealand, Canada and Great Britain.

The World Axe Throwing League and the World Knife Throwing League have a combined membership of almost 20,000 around the globe. Oklahomans can join in the fun and competition of the sports anytime with options in Tulsa and Oklahoma City.

“Axe and knife throwing offer a unique blend of skill, excitement and relaxation that make them a fun pastime for many people,” says Ben Gaddy, owner of Twisted Axes Throw House in OKC. “There’s a satisfying challenge in mastering the technique of throwing an axe or knife accurately. It requires concentration, precision and practice to hit the target consistently. There’s also an adrenaline rush that comes from the thrill of hurling an object through the air.”

Not to mention, adds Gaddy, the competitive element – which is part of the leagues and tournaments … or even a night out with friends.

Photos courtesy Twisted Axes Throw House

“It can be a great way to relieve stress and unwind after a long day,” says Gaddy. “When you finally hit the target or achieve that elusive bullseye, it’s incredibly rewarding. It gives you a sense of accomplishment.”

Axe and knife throwing can be enjoyed by people of a variety of ages and skill levels, and there’s always room to improve. If you end up loving it as much as Gaddy does, you may want to check out the competitive side of the sport.

“Axe and knife throwing have been practiced for centuries, initially as practical skills for hunting and survival,” he says. “However, the transition to a competitive sport is relatively more recent, gaining popularity over the past few decades.”

Photos courtesy Twisted Axes Throw House

While Gaddy claims the exact origins of competitive axe and knife throwing are debated, many believe the sport began in North America, as a way for frontiersmen and lumberjacks to showcase their skills and pass time in the wilderness.

Staying Safe  

“Safety is paramount in axe and knife throwing, and proper training is essential to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for participants,” says Gaddy. “Many axe and knife throwing venues offer introductory sessions or training courses for beginners, covering key aspects like rules for handling axes and knives, as well as protocols for retrieving thrown implements and maintaining a safe distance from the throwing area. Instructors teach participants the correct throwing technique, emphasizing proper grip, stance and release.”

Gaddy says the sport is a welcome change of pace to all sorts of participants.

“Overall, axe and knife throwing combine skill, competition and camaraderie into a unique and enjoyable pastime that appeals to a wide range of people,” he says. “Instructors are also available to offer assistance and address any concerns or questions that may arise.”

An Angel on the Third Floor

A veteran in the Tulsa music scene, Steve Wilkson currently plays twice monthly at Four Aces at 41st and Garnett. Photos courtesy Steve Wilkerson

When it comes to star-studded musical resumes, Steve Wilkerson’s is a tough one to top. A professional saxophonist since the age of 11, when he joined his dad’s Bartlesville-based dance band, and a graduate of the University of Tulsa’s school of music, Wilkerson went on to work in the West Coast music scene for more than a quarter of a century. Even a glance at his credits during that time gives an idea of the depth of his involvement: Michael Bolton, Barbra Streisand and Barry Manilow jump out at you, but so do the likes of Mel Torme, Tony Bennett and The Temptations. They are among the dozens of major names with whom Wilkerson toured, recorded and/or performed. 

Yet for all of the starpower that illuminates Wilkerson’s career, the entity who’s had perhaps the biggest influence on his life is someone he doesn’t even know by name. Their meeting didn’t happen on any of the thousands of stages Wilkerson’s played on, or in one of the many recording studios where he’s laid down tracks for his own discs and others, but in a third-floor room next to the nurses’ station at Tulsa’s Hillcrest Medical Center. And the encounter wasn’t only life-changing, but life-saving as well. 

It happened a couple of years ago. By that time, Wilkerson and his wife – the noted vocalist, guitarist and arranger Andrea Baker – had been back in Tulsa for some time, more or less retired from the business. Then, one morning while Wilkerson was making coffee and checking emails, he suddenly realized that he suddenly couldn’t read the words on his screen.  

“They looked like hieroglyphics,” he remembers. “My wife was on the phone with a friend of hers from Michigan, and Andrea told her, ‘Steve can’t read his email.’”

“Her friend had lost her husband to a stroke, and she said, ‘He’s having a stroke. Get him to the hospital now.’”

Enlisting the help of their son, who lived nearby, Baker got Wilkerson to a Claremore hospital,  and from there to the Stroke Center at Hillcrest in Tulsa.

“Hillcrest was great,” he says. “They had a neurologist waiting, and they got me in bed, and they said, ‘Well, we’ve got you on blood thinners. We’re just going to have to see what happens.’ But they were giving me a look that made me think, ‘Oh, man, maybe this is it.’

“That night, I realized the severity of the situation. They were waiting for another one to hit and just take me out. So I started praying, and I thanked God for everything in my life, for Andrea, for the people I’d played with, for the career I’d had. I said I really appreciated everything, and I guessed I was ready to come home now.” 

Then, as he remembers it, he was trying to rest when “a weird gold light” started flashing on the wall by his bed, “like a kaleidoscope.” He figured it was the reflection of headlights in the parking lot, but when he looked out the window, everything was dark and quiet.

That was about 3:30 a.m., Wilkerson remembers. And he’ll never forget what happened next.

“Suddenly, in the room, here’s this guy, just standing there and looking at me. You know, when people look at you, their eyes move, but his didn’t. There was no vertical movement to them at all. He reached out like he was going to shake hands with me, but instead, he grabbed my wrist, and I went over like George Foreman had hit me. When I got up, no one was there.”

Photos courtesy Steve Wilkerson

Then, Wilkerson went to sleep. And when he awakened, he says, “I felt incredible. All the anxiety, everything, was gone. They came in to check on me, and the guy said, ‘You seem to act like nothing has happened.’ He had obviously been looking at my MRI’s. 

“I said, ‘I haven’t felt this good in 27 years. I’d like to get out and take a walk if that’s okay.’ 

Wilkerson laughs. 

“He sent the head of the stroke center in, and they couldn’t figure out why I was coming back after something like this, with no slurred speech or anything. They checked my face and all that, and the doctor said, ‘I think we just got lucky with you. I don’t think it’s your time. Maybe God wants you to keep playing the saxophone.’

“Not too long after that, I was in Eureka Springs, talking to this lady about my stroke and what had happened, and she told me, ‘Well, you sent a prayer of gratitude up. And you were spared. You encountered an angel on the third floor.’”

Three days after Wilkerson was admitted to Hillcrest, Baker took him home. Once there, he knew he had to find out what the stroke had done to his musical ability. 

“I called my son and said, ‘Well, I’m getting ready to play. Send up a prayer, because this is going to be it.’ I started playing, and I played so fast and with such clarity – I was able to play things I’d never been able to play before. I thought, ‘Where did that come from?’ It was just bizarre.

“So now,” he says, “I’m playing my horn because I realize I’m supposed to continue doing that.” 

While Andrea – who has her own very impressive resume – has been able to gear down and enjoy retirement, Wilkerson has once again been seeking gigs. With his credentials, it hasn’t been hard for him to find work. In fact, it often finds him

“I’ve gotten some calls for the Symphony, and for some jazz things, and then I started getting calls from some rock ‘n’ rollers,” he explains. “David Thayer, a wonderful guitarist here in Tulsa, called me up and said, ‘Hey, would you like to come out and play in my band?’ 

“I thought, ‘You know, this late in the game, I’d really like to do that.’ So I started playing the second Sunday and the last Sunday of every month at Four Aces on 41st and Garnett. It’s an afternoon gig, 2 p.m. until 5:30, and it’s been so much fun. I mean, nobody’s asleep on the bandstand. There’s a lot of intensity. I brought in what I had, and it really affected Steve Pounds, who’s a wonderful drummer. He said, ‘Man, when you start playing, I float. I can feel it.’ 

“We’ve got Bruce Dunlap on bass, a really cool guy, and boy, we just take it to another level. Bill Taylor, who plays violin, is another wonderful guy. He and I are like the string and orchestral section. When David sings ‘Wichita Lineman,’ we play together, and the way we’ve got it miked, it’s incredible. David says, ‘It’s like I’ve got my own orchestra behind me.’ 

“So I’m having fun, playing with some of Oklahoma’s finest musicians,” he concludes. “We’re having a big time. I’m able to get into the David Sanborn style of playing. And Edgar Winter. I just got an Edgar Winter mouthpiece for my saxophone.” 

In addition to his regular appearances with Thayer’s group, he’s also preparing to go into the studio with songwriter-guitarist Raymond Berry, who recently put together an all-star lineup of Tulsa musicians to record his composition “Swing into Cain’s.” 

“Raymond’s going to bring me in on some of the tunes he’s doing, to add saxophone tracks and maybe some flute as well,” Wilkerson says. “So I’m looking forward to that, too. You know, man, I’m getting really busy.” 

Clearly, he sees that as a good thing.

“Over at Four Aces,” he says, “I’ve had people come up to me who are almost in tears, saying, ‘Thank you. What you just played – you have no idea what it’s doing for me.”  And I think, ‘Wow. I guess I’m doing some good for somebody.’”

Italy by Train

“Anything is possible on a train: a great meal, a binge, a visit from card players, an intrigue, a good night’s sleep, and strangers’ monologues framed like Russian short stories.”

– Paul Theroux,
The Great Railway Bazaar

What a way to get to know a country. Theroux is so right – riding the rails presents experiences and interactions like no other form of travel. Plus, if you’re going to Italy anyway, why not look around a little? Italy’s rail system is marvelous. Dozens of lines crisscross the country with high-speed as well as regional take-your-sweet-time trains. 

Rome to Milan in Three Hours

It’s not hard to cover 300 miles in a hurry if you’re barreling through the Italian countryside at 220+ mph. Trenitalia high-speed trains connect cities and towns across Italy but the run from Italy’s political capital to its fashion capital offers bonus stops along the way at Florence and Bologna.

Trenitalia’s Frecciarossa (Red Arrow) 1000 are some of the world’s most efficient, quietest and most luxurious with leather seats and cafe-bars. The 1000 is also used on the Milan to Naples and the Bologna to Florence routes. 

Frecciargento (Silver Arrow) high-speed trains, slightly slower than the Frecciarossa (only 155 mph), connect Rome to Venice and Verona in the north to the baroque city of Lecce in the south.

The wonderful art and architecture of the two cities of Florence and Venice is separated only by a two-hour high-speed train ride and the Tuscan countryside that links them is lovely. High speed trains also run between Milan and Venice and from Turin along Italy’s northwestern coast to Pisa and from Pisa to Rome.

Take a Train Ferry to Sicily

At the other end of the speed spectrum is the 11-hour Rome to Sicily run that traces the Tyrrhenian Sea coast along the southwestern edge of Italy, through Naples, past Mount Vesuvius and the Amalfi Coast and then onto a train ferry. Yes, entire rail coaches (with you inside) are loaded onto a large boat and borne across the Straits of Messina for a final run to Palermo, Sicily.

On the Italian Riviera, Cinque Terre is a quintet of charming fishing villages known for their focaccia, fresh seafood, pastel-colored homes and slow, relaxed lifestyle. A fast regional train connects all five. 

The delightful Tirano to St. Moritz train originates in northern Italy and runs into the Heidi-like Swiss Alps by way of Bernina Pass. (See the Destinations piece in April 2024 of Oklahoma Magazine for more info.) 

In the far northwest, what they call the “Railway of Marvels” starts in Cuneo, climbs through the Maritime Alps by way of spiral tunnels and high viaducts, meanders between France and Italy for a while and then descends 3,280 feet to Ventimiglia on the Italian Riviera. Along the way are all-star views of the alps, the coast and even the French Riviera as the train makes its way over to Nice.

For the utmost in rolling romantic elegance, it’s the Venice Simplon Orient Express from Venice to Paris. Lots of 1920s floral marquetry, Lalique glass panels, impeccable service and world-class cuisine. The stuff of legends.

Also running trains on the Paris to Venice route is Thello, cheaper with fewer frills than the Orient Express and it’s an overnighter. Your arrival the next morning in your new city is accompanied by a continental breakfast and your favorite newspaper.

Coming soon is the hotly-anticipated luxury train Orient Express La Dolce Vita, no relation to the other Orient Express but equally opulent. The bones for this new train are actually original Orient Express passenger cars found abandoned ten years ago in Poland and refurbished to include spacious suites featuring double beds, large picture windows and private bathrooms. The plan is for the reimagined train to make two-and three-night runs randomly across Italy starting in the spring of 2025.

Circulation Station

Many people suffer from ‘poor circulation.’ It’s a common term – but what does it really mean and how does it affect one’s health? 

To begin, the circulatory system consists of the heart and blood vessels that move blood throughout the body, providing oxygen, nutrients and hormones to muscles, tissues and organs, and in turn, removing waste products, such as carbon dioxide. 

Jones Thomas, M.D., a vascular surgeon with INTEGRIS Health Cardiovascular Physicians in Oklahoma City, says a diagnosis of poor circulation starts with a thorough review of one’s medical history, alongside a physical exam. 

“Poor circulation can be due to multiple causes including poor heart function or blockage of blood vessels,” says Jones. “Poor circulation can manifest with various symptoms depending on the location and organs involved. One of the most commonly encountered situations with poor circulation is in the legs, and symptoms initially start with aching, cramping and tiredness of the feet and calves that comes on and worsens with walking, and improves with rest.”

However, patients with more advanced issues involving poor circulation may experience cramping and aching pain even while resting, as well as wounds on the feet that won’t heal. In addition, Jones says poor circulation in other areas of the body may show other symptoms. For example, poor circulation involving the heart could result in chest pain during exertion, involving the brain could result in strokes or mini strokes, and involving the abdomen/intestines could result in pain while at rest or while eating. 

Despite where a person is experiencing discomfort, it’s important to not ignore the symptoms of poor circulation, but rather work to find the root cause. 

“It is unlikely that blood vessels from only one part of your body would be affected with narrowing or blockages,” says Jones. “If you have poor circulation in one part of your body, it is likely that [narrowing vessels] are found throughout your body at various degrees of severity. Diseases including diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure or kidney disease can contribute to and accelerate narrowing and blockages of blood vessels throughout the body. If poor circulation is suspected, it is important to be evaluated for these other medical issues.”

For those wanting to try and improve their circulation, Jones says that in general, plaque buildup in the arteries, known as atherosclerosis, cannot be reversed with diet or medications.  

“However, progression of plaque buildup can be slowed down or even stopped by optimizing cardiovascular health factors such as blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol, as well as decreasing injury to the blood vessels from toxins, such as found in cigarettes,” he says, adding that smoking has by far the most detrimental effects on blood vessels and the circulatory system. 

Jones says diet and exercise can strengthen your heart and muscles to work more efficiently, even in the setting of some mild to moderate vascular disease.

“Maintaining a healthy circulatory system goes hand-in-hand with maintaining a healthy lifestyle – cutting down on extra or unhealthy sugars, fats and toxins, exercising more and optimizing cardiovascular risk factors as discussed above,” says Jones.